In conclusion, ES after allo-SCT is common with higher odds of developing aGvHD, cGvHD, and NRM and lower odds of OS. Myeloablative conditioning was found to be a significant risk factor for ES development. The odds of relapse were significantly less (OR = 0.679, p = 0.011) among the ES group. Eighteen studies were included comprising 3620 patients receiving allo-SCT and 774 of them had developed ES with a cumulative incidence of 35.4%. Association of acute GvHD (aGvHD), chronic GvHD (cGvHD), relapse, nonrelapse mortality (NRM), and overall survival (OS) between the ES and no ES groups were assessed using the odds ratio (OR). host disease (GvHD) prophylaxes, and conditioning regimens’ intensity were evaluated for risk factors for ES. Donor type, source of haematopoetic stem cells, graft vs. Studies with ES after allo-SCT were selected, and a meta-analysis of proportion was performed using the Freeman–Tukey Double Arcsine transformation, random-effects model to calculate the cumulative incidence of ES. Current literature was searched using electronic databases, and manually. This meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the cumulative incidence of ES following allo-SCT, and to evaluate the risk factors and outcomes among patients with ES following allo-SCT. However, a literature review has shown that allogeneic SCT (allo-SCT) is associated with ES without conclusive data on risk factors or effects on outcomes. It is associated with autologous and allogeneic SCT. Engraftment syndrome (ES) is associated with neutrophil recovery after stem cell transplantation (SCT).
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